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The Daphne
programme (2000-2003) is a four-year programme of Community
action that supports preventive measures to fight violence
against children, young people and women.
The
specific objectives and actions of the programme are
as follows:
Objective: To support and encourage both non-governmental
organisations (NGOs) and other organisations including
public authorities active in the fight against violence
to work together.
Action: Transnational actions to set up multidisciplinary
networks and to ensure exchange of information, best
practice and cooperation at communitylevel.
1. Support for the establishment and strengthening of
multidisciplinarynetworks and the encouragement and
support of cooperation between NGOs and the various
organisations and public bodies at national, regional
and local level, in order to improve on both sides the
level of knowledge and understanding of each other's
role and to facilitate the exchange of relevant information.
2. Stimulation and exchange of best practice, including
pilot projects, at Communitylevel on the prevention
of violence and on the support and protection of children,
young persons and women.
The networks shall in particular carryout activities
to address the problems of violence that will:
(i) produce a common framework for analysis of violence,
including the definition of different types of violence,
the causes of violence and all its consequences;
(ii) measure the real impact of the different types
of violence within Europe on victims and society, in
order to establish an appropriate response;
(iii) assess the types and effectiveness of measures
and practices to prevent and detect violence including
violence in the form of sexual exploitation and abuse
and to provide support for victims of violence, in order,
in particular, to prevent future exposure to violence.
Objective: To support the raising of public awareness
of violence and the prevention of violence against children,
young people and women, including the victims of trafficking
for the purpose of sexual exploitation, commercial sexual
exploitation and other sexual abuse.
Action: Transnational actions aimed at raising
public awareness.
1. Encouragement of information campaigns in cooperation
with the Member States and pilot projects with European
added value and awareness-raising activities among the
general public, the media and, in particular, among
children and young people, educators and other categories
involved about potential risks of violence and of ways
of avoiding them, including knowledge of legislative
measures, health education and training in the context
of the fight against violence.
2. Development of a Community-wide information source
to assist and inform NGOs and public bodies of publicly
available information compiled bygovernmental, NGO and
academic sources relevant to the field of violence,
its prevention and the support of victims, and the means
to prevent violence, as well as the provision of information
about all measures and programmes on this subject under
the auspices of the Community. This should enable information
to be integrated into all relevant information systems.
3. Studies in the field of violence and sexual abuse
and the means of their prevention with the aim, inter
alia, of identifying the most effective procedures and
policies for preventing violence, for supporting victims
of violence, in order, in particular, to prevent future
exposure to violence, and for examining the social and
economic costs, in order to establish appropriate responses
to this phenomenon.
4. Improvement of recognition, reporting and management
of the consequences of violence.
SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES FOR THE YEAR 2003
The Daphne programme will give priorityto projects in
the following domains:
— Support to proposals aiming at using, adapting and
transferring existing results (no matter if theyhave
been achieved with a Daphne funding or not) to other
geographical areas, in different languages or in favour
of other target groups remains a high priority. This
should ensure the implementation of one of the goals
of the Daphne programme, namelyto exchange good practice,
and it should reinforce the impact of results already
achieved. The existing Daphne results can be accessed
on the Daphne website — see point VIII).
Furthermore, some other poorlyaddressed topics should
be reinforced and will be given priorityin the year
2003 call for proposals:
— Development of indicators to measure both the extent
of violence and the impact of violence on victims, their
families and on societyas a whole. Over and above the
indicators, mechanisms for data collection should be
detailed in parallel. Obviouslynot all areas of violence
can be covered simultaneouslybya single set of indicators.
Therefore, different kinds of violence can be tackled
separately. For the sake of example (but constituting
by no mean a comprehensive or compulsorylist): — Physical
assault: pushing, punching, pinching, hitting, kicking,
injurywith or without object, threatening with weapons,
. . .
— Sexual violence: rape, forced prostitution, non-consensual
sex, forced sado-masochistic practices, genital mutilation,
. . .
— Emotional and verbal abuse: degrading, undermining
language and acts that result in loss of confidence,
isolation (prevention from contacts with the outside
world: telephone, physical contacts), . . .
— Coercive and threatening behaviour, instilling fear:
trafficking, ‘if-you-leave-I'll-kill-myself/all-family-members’,
. . .
— Exclusion and quasi-structural violence: discrimination,
marginalisation, exploitation, trafficking, . . .
— Harassment and stalking: bullying, being followed,
incessant telephone calls, persistent threats to safety,
sexual harassment at or outside the working place, .
. .
— Virtual violence: accessing, downloading and manipulating,
in a degrading way, pictures of women and children as
sexual objects via the Internet.
— Children living on the streets in the countries of
the European Union, and coercive, manipulative, exploitative
or threatening behaviours applied on them (for example
coercion to use or deal drugs, control bygangs, pimping
or coercion to stealing or begging). Children concerned
could be either EU nationals or third countrynationals.
Responses in favour of children living on the streets
might include surveys or provision of social support
services; protection mechanisms; telephone or drop-in
help facilities; removal, familytracing and reunification;
accompaniment during legal interventions and/or proceedings
etc.). Research is also needed to document the demographics
of children, their countries/places of origin and the
routes theytake to reach the location in which theyare
found.
— Health implications of violence. Insufficient attention
has been paid to the health implications of violence
on the victim, his/her familyand the communitymore broadly.
In addition to disaggregated research and studies on
such impacts, responses might include recommendations
related to the provision of services to respond to violence-related
health needs across the range of health service providers
(e.g. schools, clinics, hospitals). Another important
issue to be tackled is mobilising health professionals
to join the ranks of those combating violence and to
identifythe specific roles they might playto capitalise
on their specialised knowledge.
In addition, certain areas should still be investigated
in more details:
— Research on the exploitation of domestic work, on
sham marriages, child trafficking in view of adoption
and other forms of quasi-legitimised trafficking.
— Studyand recommendations, including follow-up, on
measuring quantitative and qualitative outcomes of short-term
projects on beneficiaries.
— Mapping of violence across the EU - prevalence, causes,
nature, victims, perpetrators, responses.
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